Teeth grinding and clenching, collectively known as bruxism, is a common condition that affects many people—often without them even realising it.
Bruxism can occur during sleep or while awake. Many people clench their teeth during periods of stress, concentration or anxiety. Over time, persistent grinding and clenching can affect your teeth, jaw, comfort and overall wellbeing.
What are the signs of teeth grinding and clenching?
Many people are unaware they grind their teeth until a partner notices grinding sounds during sleep or symptoms begin to develop.
Common signs of bruxism include:
- Worn, flattened, chipped or fractured teeth
- Increased tooth sensitivity
- Jaw pain or stiffness
- Headaches
- Facial muscle fatigue
- Soreness when chewing
- Tenderness around the jaw and temples
- Disrupted sleep
If left untreated, excessive grinding can cause significant damage to the teeth and place ongoing strain on the jaw muscles and joints.
How does bruxism affect the TMJ?
Grinding and clenching can place considerable pressure on the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). These joints connect the lower jaw to the skull and are essential for everyday activities such as speaking, chewing and yawning.
When the jaw joints and surrounding muscles are exposed to ongoing pressure, they can become overworked and inflamed. This may contribute to temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
Symptoms may include:
- Jaw stiffness or pain
- Clicking or popping sounds
- Difficulty opening the mouth fully
- Jaw locking
- Pain when eating
- Discomfort that spreads to the ears, face, neck or shoulders
For some people, ongoing TMJ discomfort can significantly affect their quality of life and ability to eat comfortably.
Treatment options for teeth grinding
Fortunately, there are several effective treatment options available to help manage bruxism, protect your teeth and relieve discomfort.
Dental splints and nightguards
A custom-made dental splint or nightguard is one of the most common treatments for teeth grinding and clenching.
Soft splints are made from a flexible material and may be suitable for patients with mild clenching or those looking for a more comfortable appliance. They can help cushion the teeth and reduce muscle discomfort.
Hard splints or nightguards are often recommended for patients with moderate to severe grinding. These durable appliances help protect the teeth, distribute biting forces more evenly and reduce excessive pressure on the jaw joints and muscles.
Your dental professional can recommend the most suitable option based on your symptoms, oral health and individual grinding pattern.
Physiotherapy and Botox
For patients experiencing significant muscle tension, persistent headaches or ongoing TMJ discomfort, additional treatments such as physiotherapy or therapeutic Botox injections may be considered.
Botox works by temporarily relaxing overactive jaw muscles, helping to reduce the intensity of clenching and grinding. This may provide relief from muscle pain while helping protect the teeth from further damage.
Botox is generally considered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan rather than a standalone solution.
When should you seek help?
If you suspect you are grinding or clenching your teeth, it is important to seek professional dental advice.
Early diagnosis and personalised treatment can help prevent further damage to your teeth, reduce jaw discomfort and support your long-term oral health and wellbeing.
If you are experiencing symptoms of bruxism or TMJ discomfort, your dental professional can assess your individual needs and discuss the most appropriate treatment options for you.